![]() Establishing electron diffraction in chemical crystallography. 3D electron diffraction: the nanocrystallography revolution. Electron crystallography-accomplishments and challenges. Direct phase determination for quasi-kinematical electron diffraction intensity data from organic microcrystals. High-throughput electron diffraction reveals a hidden novel metal–organic framework for electrocatalysis. A porphyrinic zirconium metal–organic framework for oxygen reduction reaction: tailoring the spacing between active-sites through chain-based inorganic building units. Metal–organic frameworks at the biointerface: synthetic strategies and applications. Nanoscale metal–organic frameworks for biomedical imaging and drug delivery. High thermopower in a Zn-based 3D semiconductive metal–organic framework. Robust and conductive two-dimensional metal–organic frameworks with exceptionally high volumetric and areal capacitance. Conductive MOF electrodes for stable supercapacitors with high areal capacitance. Metal–organic frameworks and their derived nanostructures for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Metal–organic frameworks for artificial photosynthesis and photocatalysis. Exploration of porous metal–organic frameworks for gas separation and purification. Lin, R.-B., Xiang, S., Xing, H., Zhou, W. Metal–organic frameworks for the removal of toxic industrial chemicals and chemical warfare agents. Water-resistant porous coordination polymers for gas separation. Metal–organic frameworks for separations. The chemistry of metal–organic frameworks for CO 2 capture, regeneration and conversion. Gas storage in porous metal–organic frameworks for clean energy applications. Establishing microporosity in open metal–organic frameworks: gas sorption isotherms for Zn(BDC) (BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate). Homochiral metal–organic frameworks for asymmetric heterogeneous catalysis. Metal–organic framework materials as catalysts. Selective binding and removal of guests in a microporous metal–organic framework. We believe that this protocol provides critical details for implementing and utilizing 3D ED as a structure determination platform for nano- (submicron-)sized MOFs as well as other crystalline materials. Finally, we present structure determination from 3D ED data and discuss the important features associated with 3D ED data that need to be considered. Singlecrystal electron diffraction pattern example how to#For data processing, including unit cell and space group determination, and intensity integration, we provide guidelines on how to use electron and X-ray crystallography software to process 3D ED data. We further present how to set up a transmission electron microscope for 3D ED data acquisition and, more importantly, offer suggestions for the optimization of data acquisition conditions. We describe methods for crystal screening and handling of crystal agglomerates, which are crucial steps in sample preparation for single-crystal 3D ED data collection. In this protocol, we introduce the entire workflow for structural analysis of MOFs by 3D ED, from sample preparation, data acquisition and data processing to structure determination. Such 3D ED data are collected from each single crystal using transmission electron microscopy. To alleviate this challenge, three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED) has been developed for structure determination of nano- (submicron-)sized crystals. While single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) has been widely used to elucidate the structures of MOFs at the atomic scale, the formation of large and well-ordered crystals is still a crucial bottleneck for structure determination. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted considerable interest due to their well-defined pore architecture and structural tunability on molecular dimensions. ![]()
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